What is Confined Space its hazards and precautions?

Confined Spaces

 It is also defined as that has any of the following Characteristics

l Limited opening entry and exit

l Unfavourable natural ventilation

l Not designed for a continuous worker occupancy

Examples: Tanks, vessels, silos, storage, bins, hoppers, vaults, pits, manholes, tunnels, equipment hosing, duct work, pipelines, etc.

What is Confined Space its hazards and precautions?

Hazards of Confined space

l An insufficient amount of fresh air for the workers to breathe (Asphyxiation)

l Chemical exposures due to skin Contact

l Flammable liquids and gasses may cause fire.

l Leakages from the supply lines may be flooding

l Noise

l Extreme atmospheric and surface temperature

l Poor visibility

l Rescue work is more difficult

l Loss of consciousness

l Mechanical hazards

What is Confined Space its hazards and precautions?

Precautions

l Identify all confined space in the plant

l Obtain a work permit

l Make a rescue plan

l Check air quality with testing device

l Install ventilation equipment

l Post a stand by man to watch

l Attach a life line

l Keep a suitable fire extinguisher

l Blank of supply line leading to the confined space

l Tool box talk (TBT)

l Training and education

What is Confined Space its hazards and precautions?

CARBON MONOXIDE (CO)

Odorless, Colorless Gas,

Combustion by-product

Workers quickly Collapse at high concentrations.

Quantity (PPM)	EFFECTS	TIME
50	Permissible Exposure Level	8-Hours
600	Headache, discomfort	1-Hour
2000-2500	Unconsciousness	30-min

What is Confined Space its hazards and precautions?

HYDROGEN SULPHIDE (H₂S)

Sources: Decomposition of materials, Human waste, Oil & Gas

Rotten egg odor at low concentrations

Possible no warning at high concentrations.

Quantity (PPM)	EFFECTS	TIME
10 PPM	Permissible Exposure Level	8-Hours
200-300	Significant Irritation	1-Hour
>1000	Unconsciousness, Death	Minutes

 

What is Confined Space its hazards and precautions?